Browse terms

The bankruptcy process

Adversary proceeding

A lawsuit within or related to a bankruptcy case, started by filing a complaint. 1

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How it works

To seek a student loan discharge, a debtor must file this kind of separate lawsuit inside the bankruptcy case and prove undue hardship. 2

For federal student loans, the Justice Department and the Department of Education use a process in which the debtor fills out an attestation form. The bankruptcy judge makes the final decision. 2

Common questions

Do I need one to discharge student loans?

Yes. A debtor must file an adversary proceeding inside the bankruptcy case and prove undue hardship. 2

Sources

  1. Glossary
  2. DOJ: Student Loan Discharge Guidance: Fact Sheet (Nov. 17, 2022)

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